The international framework of arbitration
The Convention, national legislation and agreed procedural rules: the role of each layer.
Read the guideAndrei Svirin
Arbitration.Law.Independence.
Andrei Svirin’s author project:
research, case law
and explanations of arbitration
01Professional judgment begins with careful consideration of the facts.
The approach
Independence
Autonomy of professional judgment.
Impartiality
Equal attention to positions and arguments.
Confidentiality
Careful handling of information.
Topics and research
In focus
From the wording of an agreement to the legal effect of an award.
About the authorAndrei
Andrei
Svirin
Master’s degree in Law.
Postgraduate qualification:
Researcher; Teacher-Researcher.
Research interests: the validity of arbitration agreements and dispute resolution in international commercial arbitration.
About the author- 2025Postgraduate educationMFUALaw · 12.00.03 Civil Law; Business Law; Family Law; Private International Law
- 2024Master’s studiesVyatka State UniversityLaw · Prosecutorial and Judicial Activity
- 2021Vocational education · Law and Court AdministrationMultidisciplinary Academy of Continuing Education, Omsk
- 2019 / 2020Bachelor’s degreeMFUALaw · Civil Law
- 2018 / 2019Master’s degreeMFUALaw · Administrative and Financial Law
- 2018Vocational education · Law and Social Security AdministrationCherepovets College of Trade and Economics
Understanding arbitration
All guidesStart with the essentials
Arbitration agreements: wording and terms
The clause and standalone agreement, writing and notarisation, required terms and educational drafts. A comparison of ten countries.
Read the guideSetting aside and refusal of enforcement
Setting aside, refusal of a domestic writ and refusal of foreign-award recognition: provisions, evidence and court practice.
Read the guideWritten clause and consent
Form, electronic exchanges, scope and separability.
Explore this stageWho hears the dispute
Appointment, independence, impartiality, challenges and replacement.
Explore this stageNotice, submissions and evidence
Parties receive documents and an opportunity to present their case. The applicable rules determine hearings or document-only proceedings.
Explore this stageThe written outcome
The tribunal makes and signs an award within its jurisdiction and sends a copy to each party.
Explore this stageVoluntary or court-assisted compliance
Compulsory recovery requires the prescribed procedure. Overseas enforcement involves the Convention and local law.
Explore this stageReview of setting-aside grounds
A separate application to the competent court, governed by statutory grounds, time limits and review limits.
Explore this stageEnforcement and setting aside are separate procedures after the award. A challenge is not a mandatory stage.
Choosing a
“specific arbitral tribunal”
Freedom and Law · conference proceedings · May 2025
Bibliographic recordCase law
All case notesDecisions in context
Supreme Court: expert evidence and procedural safeguards
Supreme Court of Russia · Judicial chamber determination · 305-ЭС25-4373 (2,3) · А40-135640/2024
Challenging an expert, questioning experts and compliance with institutional rules.
RussiaProcedure and evidenceRemittal
Constitutional Court: organisational links and independence
Constitutional Court of Russia · Constitutional ruling · 30-П
Impartiality safeguards and a party’s connection with an organisation.
RussiaModel and tribunalConstitutional ruling